The VDMA flatness requirement was included in the FEM 10.2.14 / 4.103 – 1 and from September 2021 in the European standard EN 15 620. It is therefore an official European flatness standard which must be met. This standard was developed at the request and with the approval of VNA forklift truck manufacturers, flooring contractors, engineering firms and universities, and is based on years of scientific research. VDMA is the only standard worldwide that controls all undulations that influence the driving behaviour of the forklift truck. The undulation of a floor is a combination of both (medium) long and short waiviness.
Today, it's not uncommon to see young Indians moving out of their family homes to pursue careers and education in cities, leaving behind the traditional family setup. A survey by the Indian Institute of Family Welfare found that 75% of Indians aged 18-30 consider living alone or with a partner as a desirable lifestyle choice. This shift has led to a redefinition of family roles, with women increasingly taking on careers and men being expected to take on more domestic responsibilities.