The rise of music videos in the 1980s and 1990s further transformed the concept of "girl." Artists like Madonna, Spice Girls, and Britney Spears popularized the "girl power" movement, promoting female empowerment, friendship, and individuality. Music videos like Madonna's "Like a Prayer" (1989), Spice Girls' "Wannabe" (1996), and Britney Spears' "Toxic" (2003) showcased confident, sexy, and independent female images.